Abraham Maslow’s concept of needs hierarchy is one of the most influential theories in humanistic school of thought. Maslow asserted that behaviour is motivated by the conscious desire for personal growth. He believed that we are separated from lower animals by our capacity for self-actualization.
Maslow (1970) organized human needs into a hierarchy, from physiological needs such as hunger and thirst through self-actualization. His theory regarding the hierarchy of needs consists of the following.
1. Physiological needs: hunger, thirst, elimination, warmth, fatigue, pain avoidance, sexual release.
2. Safety needs: protection from the environment through housing and
clothing, security from crime and financial hardship.
3. Love and belongingness needs: love and acceptance through intimate relationships, social groups and friends.
4. Esteem needs: achievements, competence, approval, recognition, prestige, status.5. Self actualization: fulfillment of our unique potentials. It involves needs for cognitive understanding (novelty, exploration, knowledge) and aesthetic needs (music, art, poetry, beauty, order).
Maslow (1970) organized human needs into a hierarchy, from physiological needs such as hunger and thirst through self-actualization. His theory regarding the hierarchy of needs consists of the following.
1. Physiological needs: hunger, thirst, elimination, warmth, fatigue, pain avoidance, sexual release.
2. Safety needs: protection from the environment through housing and
clothing, security from crime and financial hardship.3. Love and belongingness needs: love and acceptance through intimate relationships, social groups and friends.
4. Esteem needs: achievements, competence, approval, recognition, prestige, status.5. Self actualization: fulfillment of our unique potentials. It involves needs for cognitive understanding (novelty, exploration, knowledge) and aesthetic needs (music, art, poetry, beauty, order).
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